Complete Grammar Review

The complete Darija Academy course has covered the following grammar areas.

Adjectives

• Masculine and feminine adjectives
• Singular and plural adjectives
• Comparative adjectives
• Comparing similar objects
• Superlative adjectives

Articles and demonstratives

• The definite article
• Moon letters
• Sun letters
• Demonstrative adjectives
• Demonstrative pronouns

Pronouns

• Independent pronouns
• Possessive pronouns
• Object pronouns
• Pronouns used with prepositions

Possession

• Possession with pronoun endings
• Possession with dyal

Questions

• Question words
• Forming questions
• Asking about time, place, quantity, identity and reason

Numbers

• Numbers from one to ten
• Numbers from eleven to nineteen
• Tens from twenty to ninety
• Hundreds
• Thousands
• Ordinal numbers
• Fractions

Time and duration

• Telling the time
• Present-time expressions
• Past-time expressions
• Future-time expressions
• Describing duration

Verbs

• Regular past-tense verbs
• Irregular past-tense verbs
• Regular present-tense verbs
• Verbs with a middle a
• Verbs ending in a
• Imperatives
• Infinitive-like verb structures
• Using one verb after another
• Transitive and intransitive verbs
• Passive verbs
• Active participles
• Passive participles
• The past progressive

Important verbs

• 3nd — to have
• bġa — to want or like
• 3jb — to please or be liked
• xṣṣ — to need, have to or should
• bqa — to remain or continue

Negation

• Present-tense negation
• Past-tense negation
• Imperative negation
• Future-tense negation
• Negative expressions such as “never,” “not yet” and “no longer”

Future tense

• Future with ġadi
• Shortened future with ġa-
• Gender and number forms of ġadi
• Past intention with kan ġadi

Conditional sentences

• Possible conditions with ila
• Unreal or impossible conditions with kun

Prepositions

• l
• 3la
• m3a
• f
• b

The course also covered how these prepositions combine with pronoun endings and particular verbs.

Conjunctions

• imma… wlla — either… or
• baš — in order to
• weš — whether or if
• mlli / mnin — when or since
• l-li — who, which or that
• нtta — until
• ġir — as soon as
• wqt mma — whenever
• waxxa — although
• welakin — but
• qbl ma — before
• b3d ma — after
• blli — that
• нit / 3laнqqaš — because
• bla ma — without
• fin mma — wherever
• 3ad — then